Marine Chemistry
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/1183
2024-01-27T05:01:42ZDecreased Performance of Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Emergence Behaviors Following Embryonic Exposure to Benzo[a]pyrene
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/1414
Decreased Performance of Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Emergence Behaviors Following Embryonic Exposure to Benzo[a]pyrene
Ostrander, G.K.; Anderson, J.J.
The sublethal effects induced by a model carcinogen and environmental contaminant on salmonid emergence behaviors have been studied. Rainbow trout embryos were exposed for 24 hours to 25 IAg/mL of benzo[a)pyrene 1 week prior to hatching. Exposures occurred during the late organogenesis period of development and allowed assessment of how a single embryonic exposure might affect emergence behaviors nearly 6 weeks later. Though no differences in numbers of alevins successfully emerging were observed, a significant decrease was noted in performance of the upstream orientation behaviors characteristic ofemergence among wild individuals.These findings are discussed in terms ofa model describing the role of upstream swimming behavior after emergence.
Peer reviewed
The original version of this paper is available from NOAA https://spo.nmfs.noaa.gov/content/decreased-performance-rainbow-trout-oncorhynchus-mykiss-emergence-behaviors-following
Citation: Ostrander, G. K., Anderson, J. J., Fisher, J. P., Landolt, M. L., & Kocan, R. M. (1990). Decreased performance of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss emergence behaviors following embryonic exposure to benzo (z) pyrene. Fishery Bulletin, 88(3), 551-555.
1990-01-01T00:00:00ZThe oceanography of southwest Ireland: current research activities
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/1299
The oceanography of southwest Ireland: current research activities
Raine, R.; Whelan, D.; Conway, N.; Joyce, B.; Moloney, M.; Hoey, M.J.; Patching, J.W.
The coastal waters of Ireland are rich in physical features affecting both chemistry and biology. Amongst these are the tidal fronts of the Irish Sea (Le Fevre, 1986) and the Irish Shelf Front on the Atlantic coast lying along the 200m iso bath (Huang et al., 1991). Recently, an upwelling system has been described in the vicinity of the Fastnet Rock (Roden, 1986; Raine et al., 1990). Coastal upwelling systems are ecologically very important and are generally extremely productive, as nutrients brought up to the sea surface can stimulate extensive phytoplankton growth. This paper describes further satellite and ship-based investigations which are currently being carried out to examine the mechanisms driving the upwelling system and its effect on local ecology.
1993-01-01T00:00:00ZStable isotope analysis of baleen reveals resource partitioning among sympatric rorquals and population structure in fin whales
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/1282
Stable isotope analysis of baleen reveals resource partitioning among sympatric rorquals and population structure in fin whales
Ryan, C.; McHugh, B.; Trueman, C.N.; Sabin, R.; Deaville, R.; Harrod, C.; Berrow, S.D.; O'Connor, I.
Stable isotope analysis is a useful tool for investigating diet, migrations and niche in ecological communities by tracing energy through food-webs. In this study, the stable isotopic composition of carbon and nitrogen in keratin was measured at growth increments of baleen plates from 3 sympatric species of rorquals (Balaenoptera acutrostrata, B. physalus and Megaptera novaeangliae), which died between 1985 and 2010 in Irish and contiguous waters. Bivariate ellipses were used to plot isotopic niches and standard ellipse area parameters were estimated via Bayesian inference using the SIBER routine in the SIAR package in R. Evidence of resource partitioning was thus found among fin, humpback and minke whales using isotopic niches. Highest δ15N values were found in minke whales followed by humpback, and fin whales. Comparison between Northeast Atlantic (Irish/UK and Biscayan) and Mediterranean fin whale isotopic niches support the current International Whaling Commission stock assessment of an isolated Mediterranean population. Significantly larger niche area and higher overall δ 15N and δ 13C values found in fin whales from Irish/UK waters compared to those sampled in adjacent regions (Bay of Biscay and Mediterranean) suggest inshore foraging that may be unique to fin whales in Ireland and the UK. Isotopic profiles support spatial overlap but different foraging strategies between fin whales sampled in Ireland/UK and the Bay of Biscay. Stable isotope analysis of baleen could provide an additional means for identifying ecological units, thus supporting more effective management for the conservation of baleen whales.
Peer-reviewed.
2013-01-01T00:00:00ZA sensitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of natural and synthetic steroid estrogens in seawater and marine biota, with a focus on proposed Water Framework Directive Environmental Quality Standards
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/1281
A sensitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of natural and synthetic steroid estrogens in seawater and marine biota, with a focus on proposed Water Framework Directive Environmental Quality Standards
Ronan, J.; McHugh, B.
RATIONALE: Trace levels of natural and synthetic steroid estrogens estrone (E1), 17b-estradiol (E2) and 17a-ethynyl estradiol (EE2) have been demonstrated to exert adverse effects in exposed organisms. E2 and EE2 have been proposed for inclusion in the Water Framework Directive (WFD) list of priority pollutants; however, the detection and accurate quantification of these compounds provide significant challenges, due to the low detection limits required.
METHODS: A sensitive method combining ultrasonication, solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, with electrospray ionisation in negative mode (LC/ESI-MS/MS), capable of determining E1, E2 and EE2 at concentrations between 0.07 and 60 ng/L for seawater and between 0.4 and 200 ng/g wet weight in Mytilus spp. is reported.
Recoveries at the limit of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 95 to 102% and 88 to 100% for water and tissue, respectively. Salinity (12 to 35%) and typical marine particulate matter loadings (between 10 and 100 mg/L) were not found to affect analyte recoveries. RESULTS: The first detection of E1 by LC/MS/MS in Irish marine waters (Dublin Bay, at 0.76 ng/L) is reported. Steroids were not detected in Galway Bay, or in any mussel samples from Dublin, Galway and Clare. The level of E2 detected in the dissolved water phase was below the proposed WFD Environmental Quality Standard (EQS) in other surface waters. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed method is suitable for the detection of E1, E2 and EE2 at biologically relevant concentrations and, due to the specificity offered, is not subject to potential interferences from endogenous E1 and E2 which often complicate the interpretation of estrogenic biomarker assays.
Peer-reviewed. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
2013-01-01T00:00:00Z